中世纪2 之前最后预热！！！英格兰介绍！！！（全中文）
The English英国
Having recently wrestled control of England from the Saxons, many would expect the conquering Normans to be somewhat spent and weakened. However, the new rulers of England have swiftly replaced and improved the taxation system so as to replenish their coffers in quick time. Most importantly, William the Conqueror came with the support of the Pope, as well as a mixed force of well-trained infantry, archers and heavy cavalry. England's new masters have a more modern approach to the art of warfare, and the will to utilise the country's rich resources to maximum effect.
在新近从萨克森人手中征服了英格兰之后，很多人以为诺曼征服者们既疲且弱。但是，英格兰新的统治者们迅速的更替并改进了税收系统，如今他们可以很快地重新填满口袋。更重要的是，征服者威廉受到教宗的支持，同时有着训练有素的弓、骑、步混编军队。英格兰的新主人们才接触过战争，这更将使他们的丰富资源得到最大利用。
The English court may now speak French, but the Normans certainly don't consider their new conquest a French territory. This independence in England, plus the proximity of Normandy to other lands the French monarchy consider their own makes France an immediate and obvious threat to deal with. The ever stubborn Scottish also prevent the King of England from having uncontested control of the British Isles.
英格兰的王廷也许现在说着法语，但诺曼征服者并不认为他们为法国争得了新领土。独立的英格兰，以及作为法国封臣在诺曼底的领土，让他们成为了法国君主眼中当前且明显的威胁。而更为顽固的苏格兰人也会阻止英格兰成为不列颠的绝对统治力量。
Though they presently face trouble on multiple fronts, the English are in a rather promising position. The Scots to the north are isolated from the rest of Europe, and should be easy to wear down without a strong ally from the mainland. The French Royal forces are more than a match for the armies in Normandy, but they also have enough fronts to deal with right now that they are unlikely to be able to drive them from the continent anytime soon.
尽管眼下面临着多方的困局，英国人还是有着相对较好的战略位置。北面的苏格兰人与欧洲大陆孤立，没有强援之下易于失败。法国军队远多于诺曼底的，但他们现在也有着多面的威胁，不太可能立刻把英国人逐出大陆。
Campaign Strategy战略
The English begin with three provinces under their control with castles at Nottingham and Caen and the capital city at London. The Scots to the north and the French to the south represent the only immediate threat. Early expansion is best achieved by conquering the nearby rebel towns, York being an ideal first target.
英格兰开局有三省，Nottingham和Caen的城堡及都城London。北面的苏格兰和南面的法国是现在仅有的直接威胁。征服临近的叛军省份是早期扩张的最佳途径，York就是一个不错的选择。
Early English forces consist of levy spearmen and spear militia, reinforced by Mailed Knights and Hobilar cavalry units. Powerful English infantry, working to protect the mighty longbowmen will win many a battle however, the English will have to overcome the fact that their cavalry does not offer the same variety and power as some rival factions.
早期英国军队由征召长矛手和长矛民兵组成，以链甲骑士和英国轻骑兵为后援。在强力步兵保护下的强悍长弓手可以替你赢得许多战斗，然而英国人必须克服他们的骑兵较敌人们种类少这一劣势。
Campaign Objective战略目标
Hold 45 regions, including: Jerusalem Province.控制45省，含依鲁撒冷
English Units单位
Light Infantry轻步兵
Peasants农民
Life at the bottom rung of medieval society is not easy or healthy. In times of war peasants are forced from their farms and drafted into levies, and if they are lucky, given some kind of simple weapon to fight with. Unsurprisingly peasants are undiscplined troops who are better at fleeing than they are fighting.
中世纪底层人民的生活艰难潦倒。战时，农夫们会被强征入伍，幸运的话，才会有件武器。自然，他们是无纪律的部队，擅长逃跑胜于战斗。
Town Militia城镇民兵
These men are commoners and peasants who have been levied into local militias to defend towns, roads and bolster armies. Given some training and equipped with a short spear and shield, though little armour, these units are useful in defence, but cannot be expected to endure for long on an open battlefield.
这些居民和农夫被征召起来保卫城镇、道路和作为支援。这些部队受过些许训练，以短矛和盾武装。虽然没有盔甲，他们仍是在防卫中的有效力量，但不要期望他们能在开阔战场上持续作战。
Spear/Pike Infantry长矛/枪兵类
Levy Spearmen征召长矛手
Levy Spearmen are common folk from villages and towns that have been levied into the army. Armed with long spears and shields these troops are useful at defending flanks, but won't stand up in any prolonged melee.
征召长矛手是召入军队的普通城镇和乡村居民。这些以长矛和盾为武器的部队是防守时的有用力量，但经不起长时间的肉搏。
Spear Militia长矛民兵
Common throughout Europe, Spear Militia are commoners and peasants who have been levied into local militias to defend towns, roads and bolster armies. Given some training and equipped with a long spear and shield, these units are useful in support roles for heavier and better units.
长矛民兵是遍布全欧的部队，由普通居民和农夫组成，召入当地民兵以保护城镇、道路和支援军队。他们受过一些训练，而且装备着长矛和盾牌，是支援其他更强部队的游泳力量。
Heavy Infantry重步兵
Armoured Sergeants武装军士
Armoured Sergeants are professional warriors, drawn from the lower classes. They have some skill in combat and are well equipped with long spears, large shields and mail armour. They're very solid defensive units, able to resist attacks from both foot and horse, so long as they are well supported. If necessary they can form a defensive circle.
武装军士是地位较低的职业战士。拥有着一定的战斗技巧，同时以长矛、大盾及链甲良好的装备起来。他们是坚强的防守部队，只要掩护良好，便可以抵抗步兵和骑兵的进攻。必要时还可组成防御圆阵。
Armoured Swordsmen武装剑士
Armoured Swordsmen represent those of the knightly class with a desire to fight on foot, or too poor to afford a horse. Able to afford excellent armour and swords, they can punish most other infantry. These units along with archers form the backbone of many English armies.
武装剑士是乐于下马作战的骑士阶层，或者是因为穷得买不起马（-_-b）。由于装备了优质的长剑，他们可以击败其他步兵。这些部队和弓箭手共同组成了英国军队的主力。
Bill Militia长刀民兵
Bill Militia are commoners handed a billhook and if lucky some armour, then formed into a unit to defend a settlement. Not afforded the training of normal and heavy Billmen units, Bill Milita are weaker in combat but make up for it by being cheap replacable troops.
长刀民兵是执长刀（幸运的话，还会有盔甲）的普通居民，他们组成足以防卫城镇的部队。由于不能像普通和重装长刀兵那样训练，长刀民兵战斗力较弱，但却是便宜和补充的部队。
Billmen长刀兵
The billhook was originally developed from a farming tool, and consists of a axe and hook on the end of a long pole. A trained billmen can use it to stab, hack and drag down his enemies, including both infantry men and mounted troops. It works as both a defensive and assaulting weapon.
长刀原本是一种农具，由缚于长杆上的斧和钩组成。训练过的长刀兵可以用它来刺、砍或拉倒步行或骑马的敌人。作为攻守器械俱佳。
Dismounted English Knights下马英国骑士
English knights often chose to fight dismounted. With their fearsome poleaxes, they can crush enemy infantry and fend off any horseman.
骑士有时会下马作战，他们用可怕的长柄斧，可轻而易举的击败步兵或骑兵。
Dismounted Feudal Knights下马封建骑士
Knights would often dismount and fight on foot when the situation demanded it. Dismounted they make excellent heavy infantry.
骑士在必要时可以下马战斗。下马后便是优秀的重步兵。
Heavy Bill Militia重装长刀民兵
Heavy Bill Militia are superior English garrison troops compared to standard Bill Militia. Not only are they heavily armoured in plate armour and armed with a billhook, they are trained to be more effective units in combat as well.
重装长刀民兵是比普通长刀兵更优秀的英国守备部队。不光因为他们身披重装板甲，手握长刀，同时它们也更为训练有素。
Heavy Billmen重装长刀兵
The pinnacle of English commoner infantry, The Heavy Billman is equally comfortable in attack and defense. Wielding the billhook allows Heavy Billmen to hack, stab and chop if needed and being encased in anything from half to three quarter plate armour means they can shrug off considerable damage.
英国普通部队的顶峰。重装长刀兵攻防兼备。装备的长刀可劈、刺和砍，对从半身甲到四分之三甲皆可以造成伤害。
Missile Infantry远程部队
Peasant Archers农民弓箭手
While most peasants in Europe were levied into the army, at sword point if need be, some welcomed the opportunity to earn some pay, and travel. Peasant Archers are accustomed to using their bow for hunting. These peasant archers are armed with a small bow, knife, and if lucky enough, some armour.
当欧洲大部分的农夫们被征召时，要么是被刀尖逼着，要么就会因为可以赚些小钱同时远游而欣喜。农民弓箭手拿着的是他们打猎时用的弓。他们的装备是小弓、匕首，如果走运，还会有一定的盔甲。
Archer Militia弓箭民兵
Archer Militia are bow-equipped peasants called upon to provide a settlement with a garrison of missile troops. Whilst poorly armoured, these troops are expected to shoot at an enemy from the safety of their own walls.
弓箭民兵就是征召起来的装备弓的农夫，可以作为聚落的远程守备部队。由于几乎没有盔甲，他们只能从安全的城墙上射击敌人。
Arquebusiers火绳枪兵
Fired at close range and quite accurate, with only a little chance of exploding and killing the person firing it. This forerunner of the musket is capable of firing deadly volleys that can pierce armour. This noisy, smokey and lethal weapon is so intimidating it causes morale damage as well as physical hurt.
近程且精度高，同时只有很小的几率炸膛并杀死开枪者。这些火枪的先驱者可以射出穿透盔甲的致命齐射。而且这种吵闹、烟雾迷漫的致命武器可以造成既打击士气又伤害肢体的威力。
Longbowmen长弓手
Originating from Wales, a longbow using a 'bodkin' arrow, a hard chiselled tip shaped like an elongated pyramid, can pierce all but the best armour. As the longbow is difficult to master longbowmen begin training at a young age. Being susceptible to cavalry, longbowmen can plant sharpened stakes in front of their position to help keep enemies at bay.
源于威尔士的长弓使用一种bodkin箭头，长锥形如同凿子。它可以击穿几乎最好的装甲。由于长弓难于掌握，弓箭手要从小开始训练。因为易受骑兵打击，长弓手可以在身前放置尖木桩来阻挡敌军。
Retinue Longbowmen常备长弓手
Many longbowmen sign a contract of indenture with a captain to become part of his retinue or company. The captain then hires out their services to the king. Such men are in effect professional soldiers, and highly skilled archers. They're well armoured and equipped and confident in their own abilities.
许多长弓手与一个队长签订契约来成为他的常备成员。队长接着又把他们雇佣给国王。这些人是高效的职业士兵，技艺精湛的射手。他们披坚执锐，而且充满自信。
Sherwood Archers舍伍德弓箭手（罗宾汉？？寒～～～～～）
Hailing from Sherwood forest and trained in the hunt from a young age, these deadly archers have now turned their skills to hunting men. Wielding a longbow made of yew, these archers can spit a man at a hundred paces, this, coupled with their ability to hide in forests means they can lay many a terrible ambush.
这些自小在舍伍德森林游荡，打猎练箭的致命弓箭手们现在以他们的技艺来猎杀敌人。这些弓箭手可以用他们的紫杉长弓在百步之外杀伤对手，在加上躲藏在林中的技艺，他们可以进行很多可怕的伏击。
Yeoman Archers自耕农弓箭手
Drawn from English freeholders and required by the King to be trained in warfare, Yeoman archers are highly skilled ranged troops. Lightly armoured and equipped with a longbow for ranged combat and wielding a large mallet for crushing armoured opponents in melee, Yeomen are also able to lay defensive wooden stakes to help keep enemies at bay.
由英格兰的自由民征召，同时应国王的要求而经过训练。他们是技艺高超的远程部队，装备着轻甲、远距使用的长弓和近程打击敌方装甲单位用的大棒槌。自耕农弓箭手也可以放置阻挡敌军的木尖桩。
Light Cavalry轻骑兵
Demi Lancers半身甲枪骑兵
Demi Lancers are representative of the trend in the latter medieval period of reducing the amount of overall armour, while improving the remaining armour to protect vital areas, particularly from gunpowder weapons. With less armour and little to no armour on the mount, Demi Lancers are more mobile and cheaper to equip than their fully armoured counter parts.
半身甲枪骑兵代表了中世纪后期的趋势，减轻全身盔甲，同时增强余下的重要部分的防御，特别是对火药武器的防御。由于更少的装甲甚至没有装甲，半身甲枪骑兵较全装具的同类兵种更机动而且更便宜。
Hobilars英国轻骑兵
It is thought the term 'Hobilars' comes from the Norman name 'hobby' for the small horses that Gaelic troops rode in Scotland and Ireland. In medieval warfare Hobilars are the English version of the mounted sergeant as they are also clad in padded to light armour and armed with a spear.
Hobilars这个词被认为来自诺曼的称呼“hobby”，指那些苏格兰和爱尔兰的骑小马的塞尔特骑兵。在中世纪战争中他们是英国版的马上军士，因为他们也著轻甲，使用长矛。
Mailed Knights锁甲骑士
Prominent in Western Europe, encased in mail, carrying a large shield and equipped with lances and swords, these knights are formidable fighting machines, capable of deadly charges and getting 'stuck in' to any melee. Although not as well trained or equipped as the knights that will follow them, they are invaluable heavy cavalry units during the early medieval period.
这种骑兵主要分布在西欧，全身覆以锁甲，手持大盾，以长剑和骑枪为武器。他们是强大的战争机器，可以发动致命的冲锋，同时也善于各种肉搏战。虽然不必以后的骑士装备和训练好，他们已是中世纪早期强悍的重骑兵单位（那为什么还划到轻骑兵里呢？？寒~~）
Merchant Cavalry Militia商人民兵骑士
Well equipped, but poorly trained cavalry men used in most of Europe to protect merchants, provincial towns and main roads. As they poorly trained these units forgo using the lance, which requires specialist training, and fight with a sword. Protected by plate armour these units are very good at riding down archers and infantry.
这种良好装备，但训练不足的骑兵在全欧洲境内被用来保护商人，城镇和主要道路。由于训练不足，他们不使用骑枪（一种需要特别训练的武器），用剑作战。身着板甲的他们善于冲击弓箭手和步兵。
Heavy Cavalry重骑兵
English Knights英国骑士
Encased in plate armour, carrying a large shield and equipped with a lance and axe, these knights prefer to fight on foot. Fighting with a lance and an axe betrays their Anglo-Saxon and Norman heritage. Although not the elite of knights, they are more than capable of dishing out pain to their foes when either mounted or dismounted.
这些骑士全身覆盖板甲，手拿大盾，以骑枪和斧为武器。他们更喜欢步行战斗。用骑枪和斧战斗来自于他们的盎格鲁-萨克森和诺曼传统。尽管不是骑士中的精英，他们依然可以给马上和步行的敌人带来极大冲击。
Feudal Knights封建骑士
Feudal knights are given land, fiefs, in return for military service. Trained since childhood and protected by heavy mail, and later, plate armour, and trained in using the lance these elite warriors are used to crush and ride down their opponents. Taught to be the epitome of honour and chivalry these knights are known for impulsively charging into enemy ranks!
封建骑士被授以土地和采邑，同时以军事服务为回报。他们从小接受训练，全身穿重装锁甲（后期更换为板甲），这些精英骑士能熟练的使用骑枪来冲击敌阵。这些骑士被授以骑士精神和荣誉感的要义，以对敌阵的强力冲锋而闻名于世！
Early General's Bodyguard早期将军卫队
These are truly formidable troops whose task it is to guard the army's general. Wearing mail, or early plate armour and wielding lances, these elite troops fear little on the battlefield and make fearsome opponents. Loyal and disciplined this elite heavy cavalry unit accompanies the general wherever he goes on the battlefield.
这些强大部队的任务是保卫将军。这些精英部队穿着锁甲，或者早期的板甲，用骑枪作武器。他们在战场上无所畏惧，给敌人造成恐惧。忠诚和纪律使这些精锐的重骑兵在战场上陪伴将军到任何一处。
Late General's Bodyguard晚期将军卫队
The combination of full plate armour, and later magnificent gothic armour, a fully armoured horse and a lance make these elite warriors mobile killing machines. These warriors are the general's personal guard, fiercely loyal and disciplined there is little this unit cannot take on and not come out on top.
他们是全身板甲（后来是著名的哥特战甲）、全身铠甲的战马以及让这些军中精锐成为移动的杀人机器的骑枪的组合。他们是将军的私人卫队，极度的忠诚和有纪律，这时他们成为无可匹敌的最强部队。
Knights Hospitaller医护骑士团骑士
The Knights Hospitaler, also known as the Knights of St. John were established following the first Crusade to protect and treat Christian pilgrims to the Holy Land, and are recognisable in their black surcoat with a white cross. An elite and powerful fighting order of well trained knights wearing heavy mail or plate armour and armed with a lance.
医护骑士团（又称为圣约翰骑士团），建立于第一次十字军后，招待去往圣地的朝圣者。他们以黑底白十字的罩袍为标志。是由训练良好的、持重锁甲或板甲，以骑枪为武器的骑士组成的强大精英骑士团。
Knights Templar圣殿骑士
The Templars, fearsome and uncompromising warriors famous for initiating the banking system, were formed in the early 1100's, shortly after the First Crusade to protect pilgrims. They were disbanded in 1307, after hundreds of templar's were simultaneously arrested and tortured in France on hundreds of charges including heresy, under orders from the Pope and the King of France.
圣殿骑士团，一个可怕而强硬的战士群体，同时以开创了银行系统而闻名，建立于12世纪，第一次十字军后不久。目的是保护朝圣者。1307年，在教宗和法国国王的命令下，数百名骑士在法国因上百项指控（包括异端）而不断被捕并折磨，其后解散。
Artillery炮兵
Ballista弩炮
These artillery pieces resemble giant crossbows, on a simple wheeled carriage. They can hurl javelins with great accuracy, and the power of these machines means that their bolts can pierce any armour.
这种攻城器实际上是一个装在轮式载具上的大弩。可以以很高的精度发射标枪。这些弩炮的威力意味着它们可以击穿任何装甲。
Catapult投石机
Constructed of wood and capable of flinging stones large enough to crush a man's head, the catapult was a common site on the ancient Roman battlefield. Now in the medieval era, the catapult is being replaced by newer and more powerful weapons.
投石机由木头制造，可以发射足以砸掉人脑袋的大石块。它们是古罗马战场上的常用器具。在中世纪时期，投石机被更有威力的武器取代。
Ribault排炮
The Ribault, also known as the organ gun due to its many pipes, is a fearsome spectacle on the battlefield. Armed with nine short-ranged barrels, it is often used in the defence of other longer-ranged artillery. Able to fire all nine barrels at once, it makes the enemy think twice before engaging!
因为有许多管子构成，又称风琴炮。这是一种战场上可怕的器具。它由九根近程的炮管组合，用来保护其他长程火炮。由于可以九根同时发射，敌人在进攻前得好好想想了！
Trebuchet杠杆投石机
The counter-weight Trebuchet is an evolution of the man-powered mangonel and catapults dating back before the 11th century. It has quickly spread throughout the world as an effective siege engine capable of lobbing large wall- crushing boulders. The Trebuchet is also able to fling such things as burning missiles and rotten animal remains to devastate enemy units.
杠杆投石机是１１世纪前人力投石机和投石机的进化物。作为一种可以把巨大石墙化为灰土的高效的攻城器，它迅速的传遍了世界。它也以发射火球或者腐烂的动物尸体来瓦解敌人。
Bombard土炮
The first primitive gunpowder siege artillery, bombards were created in China and Western Europe in the early 14th century and spread to the rest of the world by the late 14th century. They are forged from bronze or iron, and designed to fire stone balls that crumble enemy defences. They also shoot inaccurate flaming balls wrapped in pitch-soaked rags, that can incinerate enemy troops!
这种最原始的火药攻城器在１４世纪在中国和西欧发展出来，并在１４世纪的晚期传遍世界。它们由铜或铁制成，可以发射摧毁敌人防御的石弹。也可以发射不精确的浸泡过树脂的易燃物火球，把敌人烧成灰！
Culverin这个。。。用原文吧
The Culverin is a type of bombard and a fearsome piece of artillery, first used in Germany. It utilises advanced metallurgy techniques, superior construction and better trained crews to outrange and outshoot nearly all preceding bombards. Able to fire solid or exploding shots, the culverin is devastating against enemy walls and lethal against enemy troops!
Culverin是一种在德国首先使用的可怕的火炮和攻城器。比起以前的火炮，它利用了更先进的金属熔炼技术，精心制造并且由更熟练得人员操作。Culverin可以发射硬质或爆炸炮弹，对敌方城墙和军队都有巨大威力！
Mortar臼炮
Resembling the iron bowl from which it gains its name, the Mortar was created to lob shots over intervening walls. Useful in dealing with units skulking behind walls for protection, or to whittle away besieging troops outside your own walls. The mortar's capabilities makes it an excellent siege weapon for both attacker and defender.
臼炮以它的铁碗状炮管而得名。它可以进行的大曲线射击。对躲藏在城墙后的敌人或己方城外的近距离的攻城部队很有效。臼炮的功能使得它是围城战攻守双方都颇为有用的武器。
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